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Session: Body - implant interfacing
Session starts: Friday 25 January, 13:00
Presentation starts: 13:30
Room: Lecture room 559

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Khashayar Modaresifar (Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands)
Mahya Ganjian ()
Manon Ligeon ()
Dwisetya Widyaratih ()
Cornelis Hagen ()
Peter-Leon Hagedoorn ()
Linda Otten ()
Lidy Fratila-Apachitei ()
Amir Zadpoor ()

Abstract:
Implant-associated infection is one of the major causes of orthopaedic implants failure. To date, numerous chemical and physical methods have been proposed to combat the bacterial infection, including the use of nanopatterns which mechanically rupture and kill the bacteria [1]. Although there are several methods to produce such nanopatterns (e.g. reactive ion etching, chemical etching, and nanoimprint lithography), the control of relevant pattern characteristics such as the interspace and controlled disorder is still limited. This hinders the advances with regard to rational design and optimization of such structures for maximizing their antibacterial activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of electron beam induced deposition (EBID) technique for developing bactericidal nanopatterns. EBID conditions were optimized to fabricate ordered and controlled disordered nanopillars with different diameters and heights. Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli, and Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus, were cultured on such nanopatterned surfaces at 37 °C for 18 h. The bacteria were then fixed and their morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe any damage or death in cells. The results showed that ordered nanopillars with a height of 186 ± 8 nm, base diameter of 75 ± 5 nm, and interspacing of 172 ± 4 nm exhibit a high bactericidal efficiency against both type of bacteria. The direct penetration of nanopatterns into the bacterial cell wall and its mechanical rupture was also observed in the SEM images. Additionally, it was shown that controlled disorder may affect the bactericidal efficiency of the nanopatterns. The results of this study are promising for designing biomaterials capable of killing the bacteria without using antibiotics or antibacterial releasing systems which could help circumvent the growing crisis of antibacterial resistance.